Cell transport

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy (ATP).

Front

What is the difference between hypertonic and hypotonic solutions?

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to the cell, causing water to move out of the cell. A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes, causing water to move into the cell.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is the process of passive transport of molecules across a cell membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins.

Front

What are the components of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane is primarily composed of a phospholipid bilayer, proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates.

Front

What is endocytosis?

Back

Endocytosis is the process by which cells internalize substances from their external environment by engulfing them in a vesicle.

Front

What is exocytosis?

Back

Exocytosis is the process by which cells expel materials in vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane, releasing their contents outside the cell.

Front

What role does ATP play in active transport?

Back

ATP provides the energy required for active transport processes, allowing substances to be moved against their concentration gradient.

Front

What is a concentration gradient?

Back

A concentration gradient is the difference in the concentration of a substance between two areas, which drives the movement of substances during diffusion.

Front

What is the sodium-potassium pump?

Back

The sodium-potassium pump is a type of active transport that moves sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, crucial for maintaining cellular function.