Flashcard - Genetics

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

The observable characteristics of an organism, such as physical traits like eye color.

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

The genetic makeup of an organism, represented by letters (e.g., BB, Bb, bb).

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

Having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., AA or aa).

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Aa).

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

Front

What is a Punnett square used for?

Back

To predict the possible genotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Front

What does the term 'allele' refer to?

Back

Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

A dominant allele masks the effect of a recessive allele in a heterozygous genotype.

Front

What is the significance of the letter 'B' in genetics?

Back

It typically represents a dominant allele in a gene pair.

Front

What is the significance of the letter 'b' in genetics?

Back

It typically represents a recessive allele in a gene pair.

Front

What does it mean if an organism is homozygous recessive?

Back

It has two recessive alleles for a trait (e.g., 'll' for long legs).