Challenges of Life in the Sea

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Planktonic

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Organisms that drift in the water column (cannot swim against a current).

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Diadromous

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Organisms who live in both freshwater and saltwater at some time during their life.

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Urea

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A toxic waste product of some vertebrates.

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Osmo-conformers

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Organisms whose internal concentration varies as the salinity in the water around them changes.

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Endotherms

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An organism that retains some metabolic heat, which raises its body temperature.

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Ectotherms

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Organisms that lose metabolic heat to the environment without it affecting their body temperature.

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Nekton

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Organisms that swim strongly enough to move against the current.

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Osmoregulation

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The process by which organisms control the concentration of solutes and water in their bodies.

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Estuarine organisms

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Organisms that live in areas where freshwater meets saltwater.

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Biodiversity in marine ecosystems

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The variety of life found in ocean environments, crucial for ecosystem stability.