DNA Replication and RNA

Front

What is DNA Replication?

Back

The process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before cell division.

Front

What does semiconservative replication mean?

Back

It means that each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.

Front

When does DNA replication occur in the cell cycle?

Back

During the S phase (Synthesis phase) before the cell divides.

Front

What are the building blocks of DNA?

Back

Nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

Name the four nitrogenous bases in DNA.

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

What is the difference between the leading and lagging strands during DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the replication fork, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments (Okazaki fragments) in the opposite direction.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Short segments of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Front

What is the function of RNA in the cell?

Back

RNA plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and can also have regulatory functions.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine.