Mendelian Genetics

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What is Mendelian Genetics?

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Mendelian Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through the interactions of alleles, based on the principles established by Gregor Mendel.

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What does the term 'allele' mean?

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An allele is a variant form of a gene that can produce different traits.

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What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

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Dominant alleles express their traits even when only one copy is present, while recessive alleles only express their traits when two copies are present.

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the combination of alleles (e.g., TT, Tt, tt).

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What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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What does homozygous mean?

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Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., TT or tt).

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What does heterozygous mean?

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Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Tt).

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What is a Punnett square used for?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms.

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What do the letters on the top and side of a Punnett square represent?

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The letters represent the possible alleles contributed by each parent.

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What is the law of segregation?

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The law of segregation states that during the formation of gametes, the two alleles for a trait separate from each other.