Unit 4 Protein

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by insertions or deletions of nucleotides in a DNA sequence that shifts the reading frame, potentially altering the entire amino acid sequence of the resulting protein.

Front

What is the difference between RNA and DNA?

Back

RNA contains uracil and ribose, while DNA contains thymine and deoxyribose.

Front

How is mRNA transcribed from DNA?

Back

mRNA is transcribed from DNA by complementary base pairing, where adenine pairs with uracil (in RNA) and cytosine pairs with guanine.

Front

What base does RNA have instead of thymine?

Back

Uracil.

Front

What is the structure of RNA?

Back

RNA is usually single-stranded.

Front

What is a silent mutation?

Back

A silent mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that does not alter the amino acid sequence of the resulting protein.

Front

What are the four bases of RNA?

Back

The four bases of RNA are adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine.

Front

What is the role of ribose in RNA?

Back

Ribose is the sugar component of RNA, providing structural support and stability.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA and RNA is translated into proteins.

Front

What is transcription in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA, which carries the genetic information to the ribosome.