Experimental Design and Variables

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What is Experimental Design?

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Experimental design is the process of planning an experiment to ensure that it can effectively test a hypothesis by controlling variables and ensuring valid results.

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What is an Independent Variable (IV)?

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The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

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What is a Dependent Variable (DV)?

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The dependent variable is the factor that is measured or observed in an experiment, which is affected by changes in the independent variable.

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What is a Control Group?

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The control group is the part of an experiment that does not receive the independent variable treatment, used for comparison against the experimental group.

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What are Outliers?

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Outliers are data points that are significantly different from other observations in a dataset, often lying far away from the mean.

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When should you use a Bar Graph?

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A bar graph should be used when comparing different groups or categories, especially when the data is categorical.

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When should you use a Line Graph?

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A line graph should be used when displaying data that changes over time or when both axes represent continuous data.

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What is a Hypothesis?

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A hypothesis is a testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables in an experiment.

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What is a Variable?

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A variable is any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types in an experiment.

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What is a Sample Size?

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Sample size refers to the number of subjects or observations included in an experiment, which affects the reliability of the results.