Unit 2.1: Macromolecules-Review

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What are macromolecules?

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Macromolecules are large, complex molecules that are essential for life, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

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What are the building blocks of proteins?

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The building blocks of proteins are amino acids.

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What is the primary function of proteins?

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Proteins serve various functions including acting as enzymes, building cellular structures, and fighting infections.

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What are nucleic acids made of?

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Nucleic acids are made of nucleotides.

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What is the primary function of nucleic acids?

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Nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information, primarily in the forms of DNA and RNA.

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How do temperature changes affect enzyme activity?

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Enzymes can slow down at low temperatures and stop functioning completely at high temperatures.

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What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

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Enzymes act as catalysts that lower the activation energy required for biochemical reactions.

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What happens to enzymes at high temperatures?

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High temperatures can denature enzymes, causing them to lose their functional shape and stop working.

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What is denaturation in the context of proteins?

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Denaturation is the process where proteins lose their three-dimensional structure due to external stress, such as heat or pH changes.

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What are catalysts?

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Catalysts are substances that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.