Biology Midterm Review

Front

What are enzymes?

Back

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in the body.

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What is the primary goal of cellular respiration?

Back

The primary goal of cellular respiration is to make ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the energy currency of the cell.

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What is the function of carbohydrates?

Back

Carbohydrates provide short-term energy for the body.

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Front

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

Back

In a hypertonic solution, water moves out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

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What are vacuoles and vesicles?

Back

Vacuoles are organelles that store materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates. Vesicles transport materials between organelles and to/from the cell surface.

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What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

The building blocks of proteins are amino acids.

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What is the role of the mitochondria in a cell?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, as they produce ATP through cellular respiration.

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Front

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do.

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

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What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane controls what enters and exits the cell, providing protection and support.

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