AP Biology Unit 4 Review: Cell Communication & Cell Cycle

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•
Biology
•
9th - 12th Grade
•
Hard
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What determines whether a cell is a target cell for a particular signal molecule?
Back
Signal receptors are proteins on the surface of target cells that bind to specific signal molecules, allowing the cell to respond to the signal.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
An example of LOCAL cell communication is:
Back
Neurons communicating across a synapse, where neurotransmitters are released from one neuron and bind to receptors on another.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is long distance signaling in animals called?
Back
Endocrine signaling, which involves hormones traveling through the bloodstream to reach distant target cells.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the correct sequence of the cell cycle?
Back
G1 -> S -> G2 -> Mitosis -> Cytokinesis.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a G protein?
Back
A G protein is a protein located on the cytoplasmic side of a membrane that relays signals from activated receptors to other proteins inside the cell.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the role of phosphorylation in cell signaling?
Back
Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate group to a protein, which can change the protein's activity and function, often activating or deactivating signaling pathways.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the difference between paracrine and endocrine signaling?
Back
Paracrine signaling involves local cell communication where signals affect nearby cells, while endocrine signaling involves hormones traveling through the bloodstream to distant target cells.
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