Genetics Review I

Front

What is a carrier in genetics?

Back

A carrier is an individual who has one copy of a recessive allele that does not manifest in their phenotype but can be passed on to offspring.

Front

What does the term 'genotype' refer to?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, specifically the alleles they possess for a particular gene.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles express their trait even when only one copy is present, while recessive alleles require two copies to express their trait.

Front

What is codominance?

Back

Codominance is a genetic scenario where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in offspring with a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive.

Front

What is incomplete dominance?

Back

Incomplete dominance is a genetic situation where the phenotype of a heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes.

Front

What is a Punnett square used for?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes of offspring from a cross between two parents.

Front

What does X-linked mean?

Back

X-linked refers to genes that are located on the X chromosome, often affecting traits that are inherited differently in males and females.

Front

What is the significance of the allele frequency in a population?

Back

Allele frequency measures how common an allele is in a population, which can indicate genetic diversity and evolutionary changes.

Front

What is the genotype for a male with hemophilia?

Back

The genotype for a male with hemophilia is X^hY, where X^h represents the X chromosome with the hemophilia allele.

Front

What is the phenotype of an individual?

Back

Phenotype refers to the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.