Front

What is the theory of continental drift?

Back

The theory that continents were once joined together and have since drifted apart, supported by evidence such as matching fossils on different continents.

Front

What are shield volcanoes primarily composed of?

Back

Layers of lava that flow easily, creating broad, gently sloping sides.

Front

What is Pangaea?

Back

A supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras, where all Earth's landmasses were joined together.

Front

What is a cinder cone volcano?

Back

A type of volcano that is built from particles and blobs of congealed lava ejected from a single vent, often appearing suddenly.

Front

What is a tsunami?

Back

A large ocean wave caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption.

Front

What evidence supports the theory of continental drift?

Back

Fossils of the same species found on different continents, geological formations that match across continents, and the fit of continental coastlines.

Front

What is the difference between a composite volcano and a shield volcano?

Back

Composite volcanoes are made of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material, while shield volcanoes are primarily made of lava.

Front

What is the process of plate tectonics?

Back

The movement of the Earth's lithospheric plates on the asthenosphere, which causes earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountains.

Front

What is liquefaction?

Back

A phenomenon where saturated soil substantially loses strength and stiffness in response to an applied stress, often during an earthquake.

Front

What are pyroclastics?

Back

Fragmented material produced by volcanic eruptions, including ash, pumice, and volcanic rock.