AP Biology Winter Final Review

Front

Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?

Back

Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol.

Front

What explains the reaction specificity of an enzyme?

Back

The shape and charge of the substrates are compatible with the active site of the enzyme.

Front

What scientific concept did Charles Darwin discover?

Back

Natural selection.

Front

What evidence supports the endosymbiotic theory for mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Back

Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have circular DNA, ribosomes, and double membranes similar to prokaryotes.

Front

In which direction does water move via osmosis across plasma cell membranes?

Back

Water moves from an area with a high concentration of water to one of lower concentration.

Front

What is the primary function of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration.

Front

What is the role of mitochondria in the cell?

Back

Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, generating ATP through cellular respiration.

Front

What is natural selection?

Back

Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix composed of nucleotides, which include a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base.