Experiment vs Observation

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What is an observational study?

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An observational study is a type of research where the researcher observes and records behavior or outcomes without manipulating any variables. It is used to identify correlations or patterns.

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What is an experiment?

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An experiment is a research method where the researcher manipulates one or more variables to determine their effect on a dependent variable. It often involves random assignment to control and experimental groups.

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What is the main difference between an observational study and an experiment?

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The main difference is that in an observational study, the researcher does not intervene or manipulate variables, while in an experiment, the researcher actively manipulates variables to observe effects.

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What is a sample in research?

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A sample is a small portion of the population selected for study, used to gather data and make inferences about the larger population.

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What is a population in research?

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A population is the entire group of individuals or instances about whom the researcher wants to draw conclusions.

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What does it mean to control variables in an experiment?

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Controlling variables means keeping all variables constant except for the one being tested, to ensure that any observed effects are due to the manipulation of the independent variable.

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What is a dependent variable?

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A dependent variable is the outcome or response that is measured in an experiment, which is affected by changes in the independent variable.

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What is an independent variable?

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An independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

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What is random assignment in experiments?

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Random assignment is the process of randomly assigning participants to different groups in an experiment to ensure that each group is similar and to eliminate bias.

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What is bias in research?

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Bias refers to any systematic error in the design, conduct, or analysis of research that can lead to incorrect conclusions.