Mendelian Genetics

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What is Mendelian Genetics?

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Mendelian Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through the actions of alleles, based on the principles established by Gregor Mendel.

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic makeup of an individual, represented by the alleles inherited from the parents.

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What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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What does homozygous mean?

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Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., GG or gg).

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What does heterozygous mean?

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Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Gg).

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What is a dominant allele?

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A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in the genotype.

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What is a recessive allele?

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A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present in the genotype.

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What is a Punnett Square?

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A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes of offspring from a cross between two parents.

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What do the letters on the top and side of a Punnett Square represent?

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The letters represent the possible alleles contributed by each parent.

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What is the probability of inheriting a dominant trait if both parents are heterozygous?

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The probability is 75%.