Mutations

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in a gene, group of genes, or chromosome that results in a change in the proteins produced.

Front

What is the significance of mutations in evolution?

Back

Mutations contribute to the diversity of traits in organisms, which is essential for the process of natural selection and evolution.

Front

What are the two main causes of mutations?

Back

Mutations can be caused by mistakes in DNA replication or exposure to environmental substances.

Front

What determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein?

Back

The sequence of nucleotides in the DNA strand determines the amino acids that are formed to create the folded 3-D protein.

Front

What is a chromosomal mutation?

Back

A chromosomal mutation involves parts of or all of a chromosome, leading to changes in the structure or number of chromosomes.

Front

What is the role of proteins in the body?

Back

Proteins perform a variety of functions including acting as enzymes, hormones, and structural components of cells.

Front

How do mutations affect genetic diversity?

Back

Mutations introduce new genetic variations, which can lead to increased diversity within a population.

Front

What is the difference between a point mutation and a chromosomal mutation?

Back

A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide, while a chromosomal mutation involves larger segments of DNA or entire chromosomes.

Front

What is the process of DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before cell division.

Front

What is the impact of environmental factors on mutations?

Back

Environmental factors such as radiation and chemicals can increase the rate of mutations by damaging DNA.