Stats - Fall 2024 Final

Front

What is a statistical population?

Back

A statistical population is the entire set of individuals or items that we are interested in studying or analyzing.

Front

Define a sample in statistics.

Back

A sample is a subset of a population that is used to represent the entire group in statistical analysis.

Front

What is the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?

Back

Descriptive statistics summarize and describe the features of a dataset, while inferential statistics use a sample to make generalizations or predictions about a population.

Front

What is a null hypothesis?

Back

A null hypothesis is a statement that there is no effect or no difference, and it serves as the starting point for statistical testing.

Front

Explain the concept of p-value in hypothesis testing.

Back

The p-value is the probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the observed results, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.

Front

What is a confidence interval?

Back

A confidence interval is a range of values that is likely to contain the population parameter with a specified level of confidence.

Front

Define standard deviation.

Back

Standard deviation is a measure of the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of values.

Front

What is a correlation coefficient?

Back

A correlation coefficient is a statistical measure that describes the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables.

Front

What does it mean if two variables are independent?

Back

Two variables are independent if the occurrence of one does not affect the probability of the occurrence of the other.

Front

What is a Type I error in hypothesis testing?

Back

A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected when it is actually true.