Mr. Hawks wants to give his kindergarten students a sight word assessment. Which of the following is the best way to conduct this assessment? - direct the students to write the sight words from memory - ask students to read from a sight word list while he circles the words they know - have students sound out each sight word as he presents it to them - encourage students to clap out the beat as they repeat each word after him

ask students to read from a sight word list while he circles the words they know

What action should a teacher take if a first-grade student is unable to sound out any CVC words during a diagnostic assessment? Options: determine if he knows the name of each letter, assess his knowledge of individual letter sounds, give the assessment again with picture cues, ask him to write any words he can read

assess his knowledge of individual letter sounds

A kindergarten teacher wants to help students go beyond literal comprehension as she reads a storybook to the class. Which guiding question best meets this goal?

What do you think will happen next?

Which type of diagnostic assessment would give a first-grade reading teacher the most information on students' knowledge of consonant blends? Options: a group activity in which students take turns placing letter tiles in boxes for each phoneme, a whole-class choral reading activity in which students read a paragraph with multiple consonant blends, an individual assessment with a phonics screener or similar targeted list of words and sounds, an activity in which students write down the sounds they hear while words are read aloud.

an individual assessment with a phonics screener or similar targeted list of words and sounds

A third-grade teacher wants to model the process of metacognition during reading as a precursor to fix-up strategies. Which question would she most likely use? What genre is this?, How are the characters developed?, Do I understand this paragraph?, Where can I learn more about this topic?

Do I understand this paragraph?

Which of the following best describes the research on systematic phonics instruction with English language learners? Options: less effective than a whole-language approach, effective when combined with vocabulary instruction and automatic word recognition, effective when combined with an emergent phonics curriculum that evolves with student interest, less effective than an embedded phonics approach

effective when combined with vocabulary instruction and automatic word recognition

Which activity is most aligned with an explicit, systematic phonics approach? Options: Students learn phonics rules by encountering them in authentic texts., Students work in cooperative teams to investigate phonics rules., Students are taught to use picture cues as the first method of decoding., Students are given teacher-directed instruction in decoding strategies.

Students are given teacher-directed instruction in decoding strategies.

Which word-solving strategy would be most appropriate for students still developing automaticity? Options: Identifying roots and prefixes, looking for vowel-consonant-e patterns, using context clues to confirm word meaning, focusing on words with irregular spellings.

looking for vowel-consonant-e patterns

Which of the following activities is a multisensory approach to phonics instruction? Students use the same list of words for reading and spelling. Students form and say words with consonant blends in the sand. Students participate in both guided and independent practice. Students progress to more advanced sound patterns in a defined scope.

Students form and say words with consonant blends in the sand.

An upper elementary student who struggles to decode basic CVC words may have which type of reading challenge?

Specific word-reading difficulty

Which shows a logical progression of the least to most difficult introduction of phonics patterns? Options: letter sounds, consonant blends, vowel teams, r-controlled vowels, short vowels, long vowels, digraphs, diphthongs, letter sounds, closed syllables, onset-rime, long vowels

letter sounds, consonant blends, vowel teams

A fourth-grade teacher wants to activate students' background knowledge before reading a nonfiction passage on space exploration. Which activity BEST meets this goal? Options: asking students to freewrite a story set in outer space with extraterrestrial characters, having students construct a Milky Way galaxy out of construction paper and glitter, having students think about careers of the future that may be possible because of space exploration, asking students to write down three things they know about space exploration

asking students to write down three things they know about space exploration

Which of the following is the MOST appropriate text for independent reading for most fourth-grade students? a poem at a Lexile level of 1200, a nonfiction text at a Lexile level of 770, a drama at a Lexile level of 1100, a fiction text at a Lexile level of 200

a nonfiction text at a Lexile level of 770

A character map would be an appropriate semantic organizer for which of the following types of texts? a nonfiction passage about snails, a poem about the beauty of nature, a short story about a young girl, an argumentative essay about school uniforms

a short story about a young girl

How are the central idea and topic of a nonfiction text related?

The central idea is what the author is saying about the topic.

Comparing a fiction and nonfiction text on the same topic can help students to do which of the following? Options: increase overall knowledge of morphology, develop skills in identifying logical fallacies, recognize differences among genres, modify prosody based on audience

recognize differences among genres

In which situation would a reading teacher use an Informal Reading Inventory (IRI)? Options: to assign students to a particular small reading group, to determine students' progress toward end-of-year objectives, to assess whether students have a specific learning disability related to reading, to screen for developmental delays in speech and language

to assign students to a particular small reading group

Why has universal screening for reading difficulties become standard practice for most elementary schools?

It can identify at-risk students for prompt early intervention.

What is the primary purpose of a reading journal given to third grade students where they set goals, track books read, and write about each book?

help students become self-directed learners

A second-grade teacher in upstate New York is reading a short story designed for children that is set in mid-nineteenth-century Georgia. What should be discussed with students to help them better understand the story?

the content-specific words students may be unfamiliar with

Which of the following activities would be appropriate when introducing the idea of a summary to a first-grade class? Options: having students write a summary for each paragraph in their social studies textbook, asking the class to brainstorm several phrases and ideas that describe the story overall, identifying the point of view of each story they have read and keeping this information in a journal or notebook, asking the students several questions orally about each character's motivation

asking the class to brainstorm several phrases and ideas that describe the story overall

Which of the following is typical of a narrative written in first-person point of view? The author is a minor secondary character. The audience does not know what the protagonist is thinking. The author is the narrator and protagonist. The author puts the reader in the role of protagonist.

The author is the narrator and protagonist.

Which of the following questions should a teacher ask to assess literal comprehension? Options: Where did the story take place? What can you infer about the main character? Would you want to be a character in the story? Why or why not? What new vocabulary words did you find in the story?

Where did the story take place?

Which of the following words would be appropriate for a preschool child to use as a practice word to begin copying letters from an environmental source? Options: the word blimp as dictated to her, the child's name written on a piece of paper for her to copy underneath, the word McDonald's, which she retains the spelling of from memory, the word elephant, which she writes after she is shown a picture of an elephant

the child's name written on a piece of paper for her to copy underneath

Research has shown that teaching English grammar and mechanics through isolated drill leads to

little to no improvement in student writing.

While helping a fourth-grade student revise his essay, a teacher notices that the student has used slang and regional dialect throughout. Which of the following is the BEST course of action for the teacher to take? Options: Review the fundamentals of proper English and have him rewrite the essay., Encourage him to think about the fundamental differences between speaking and writing., Ask him to consider his audience and revise the essay using more formal language., Provide time to give him more explicit instruction in grammar and mechanics.

Ask him to consider his audience and revise the essay using more formal language.

Praxis 5205-3

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Education

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Professional Development

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Practice Problem

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Hard

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FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Mark, a first-grade student, is sounding out the word flat. He sounds out the word f-l-a-t. Which of the following is true about Mark?

Back

He sounded out each letter individually versus the onset and rime.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Mr. Scott writes the following words on the board: blimp, roar, grin. He asks his class to make a new word out of each word by removing a part of the existing word. Which concept is the teacher trying to develop in his students?

Back

phoneme deletion

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Storybook reading with pre-readers helps to develop oral language skills in which of the following ways? It increases knowledge of vocabulary and syntax. It helps students practice expressive communication. It exposes students to diverse orthographic patterns. It promotes phonemic awareness and letter-sound correspondence.

Back

It increases knowledge of vocabulary and syntax.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

A first-grade teacher gives her students the following cards: Br, im, Sw, ead. Which of the following actions BEST describes the following cards?

Back

phoneme segmentation

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

A kindergarten teacher wants to expose students to a variety of sources and environments. Which of the following materials would be MOST effective? leveled readers, signs and labels, economic books, personal chants

Back

leveled readers

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Which of the following questions would be most appropriate for a literary discussion?
Options:
Who are the characters on this page?
How was the problem resolved?
Why was (character name) so mad?
Where did this story happen?

Back

Who are the characters on this page?

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is Mrs. Ray's overall goal for her students with this activity after reading The Three Little Pigs?

Back

Mrs. Ray is helping her students understand the organization of the story.

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