Mock Semester Exam

Front

What is effective nuclear charge?

Back

The net positive charge experienced by an electron in a multi-electron atom, accounting for both the attraction to the nucleus and the repulsion from other electrons.

Front

How does effective nuclear charge change as you move down a group in the periodic table?

Back

Effective nuclear charge decreases due to increased shielding and distance from the nucleus.

Front

What happens to the atomic radius when an atom gains an electron?

Back

The atomic radius increases because the added electron increases electron-electron repulsion.

Front

What is the process to convert grams to particles?

Back

grams → moles → particles.

Front

What is the difference between polar covalent and nonpolar covalent bonds?

Back

Polar covalent bonds have unequal sharing of electrons, while nonpolar covalent bonds have equal sharing.

Front

What is ionization energy?

Back

The energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion.

Front

What does it indicate if a substance does not conduct electricity but dissolves in water?

Back

It is likely a polar covalent compound.

Front

What is the significance of the first five ionization energies of an element?

Back

They can help identify the element and its position in the periodic table.

Front

What is the relationship between atomic size and ionization energy?

Back

As atomic size increases, ionization energy generally decreases.

Front

What is the difference between ionic and covalent compounds in terms of conductivity?

Back

Ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water, while covalent compounds typically do not.