Energy, Work, and Power

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What is Energy?

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Energy is the ability to do work or cause change. It exists in various forms, such as kinetic, potential, thermal, and chemical energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

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What is Work in physics?

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Work is done when a force causes an object to move. It is calculated as the product of the force and the distance moved in the direction of the force (Work = Force x Distance).

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

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What is Power?

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Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred. It is calculated as Power = Work / Time.

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What is Kinetic Energy?

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Kinetic Energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion, calculated using the formula KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

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What is Potential Energy?

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Potential Energy is the stored energy of an object due to its position or state. For example, gravitational potential energy is calculated as PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

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How do you calculate Work done against gravity?

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Work done against gravity can be calculated using the formula Work = Force x Height, where Force is the weight of the object (Weight = mass x gravity).

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What is the relationship between mass and kinetic energy?

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Kinetic energy is directly proportional to mass. If the mass of an object increases while its speed remains constant, its kinetic energy increases.

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What is the formula for calculating Kinetic Energy?

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The formula for calculating Kinetic Energy is KE = 1/2 mv².

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NGSS.HS-PS2-1

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What is the formula for calculating Potential Energy?

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The formula for calculating Potential Energy is PE = mgh.

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What happens to Kinetic Energy if the speed of an object doubles?

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If the speed of an object doubles, its kinetic energy increases by a factor of four, since KE is proportional to the square of the velocity.