Sci 8 Mid-Term Review

Front

What is kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion, calculated as KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.

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Front

How does doubling the speed of an object affect its kinetic energy?

Back

Doubling the speed of an object increases its kinetic energy by a factor of four, since kinetic energy is proportional to the square of the speed.

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Front

What happens to water molecules when water turns from liquid to steam?

Back

The molecules begin close together and locked in position, and end up far apart and moving randomly.

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Front

What defines a liquid in terms of shape and volume?

Back

A liquid has a definite volume but not a definite shape; it takes the shape of its container.

Front

According to kinetic theory, what can be said about the particles in a substance?

Back

All of the particles that make up a substance are constantly in motion.

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Front

What is the law of conservation of mass?

Back

The law of conservation of mass states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction; it can only change forms.

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What occurs when baking soda is mixed with vinegar?

Back

When baking soda is mixed with vinegar, a chemical reaction occurs that produces carbon dioxide gas, which causes bubbling.

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Front

Why might the mass of a mixture change during a chemical reaction?

Back

The mass of a mixture may change if a gas is formed and escapes from the mixture.

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What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

Back

A physical change alters the form of a substance but not its chemical composition, while a chemical change results in the formation of new substances.

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Front

What is the definition of evaporation?

Back

Evaporation is the process by which molecules at the surface of a liquid gain enough energy to enter the gas phase.

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