Mutations

Front

What organelle is DNA usually found in?

Back

Nucleus

Front

What occurs during a substitution mutation?

Back

A base pair is replaced with a different base pair.

Front

What occurs during a deletion mutation?

Back

A base pair is missing from the DNA strand.

Front

What type of mutation is represented by the change from T-G-A-C-C-A to T-G-A-G-C-A?

Back

Substitution.

Front

Why are insertion and deletion (frameshift) mutations so harmful?

Back

They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence.

Front

Define mutation.

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A mutation that occurs when base pairs are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

An insertion mutation occurs when one or more base pairs are added to the DNA sequence.

Front

What is the difference between a point mutation and a frameshift mutation?

Back

A point mutation involves a change in a single base pair, while a frameshift mutation involves the addition or deletion of base pairs.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids.