Earth Systems

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What is the Atmosphere?

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The Atmosphere is the layer of gases surrounding Earth, essential for weather and climate.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

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What is the Hydrosphere?

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The Hydrosphere includes all of Earth's water, such as oceans, rivers, lakes, and water vapor.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

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What is the Cryosphere?

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The Cryosphere refers to all ice and snow on Earth, including glaciers and polar ice.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

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What is the Geosphere?

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The Geosphere is the solid part of Earth, including rocks, soil, and landforms.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

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What is the Biosphere?

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The Biosphere is the global sum of all ecosystems, where life exists on Earth.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

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How does water vapor form clouds?

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Water vapor condenses in the atmosphere to form clouds when it cools.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

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What happens when glaciers melt?

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When glaciers melt, they contribute to rising sea levels and affect ecosystems.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

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How does water transport rocks in a river?

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Water picks up rocks and sediments, carrying them downstream through erosion.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

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What is the relationship between the Atmosphere and Hydrosphere?

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The Atmosphere and Hydrosphere interact through processes like evaporation and precipitation.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

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What role does the Cryosphere play in Earth's climate?

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The Cryosphere reflects sunlight and helps regulate Earth's temperature.