AP U.S. 5.5

Front

Approximately how many Irish immigrants moved to the US during the period discussed?

Back

2 million

Answer explanation

During the discussed period, approximately 2 million Irish immigrants moved to the US, primarily due to the Great Famine and economic opportunities, making this the correct choice.

Front

What was the primary occupation of Irish immigrants before they moved to the US?

Back

Tenant farmers

Answer explanation

Before moving to the US, many Irish immigrants were primarily tenant farmers, working land owned by others. This occupation was common due to economic hardships in Ireland, making it a significant part of their identity.

Front

What major event drove Irish immigrants from their land?

Back

Famine

Answer explanation

The major event that drove Irish immigrants from their land was the Great Famine in the mid-19th century. This devastating famine caused widespread starvation and economic hardship, prompting many to seek a better life elsewhere.

Front

Which of the following was NOT a reason for Irish immigration to the US? Famine, Economic opportunity, Religious freedom, Political stability

Back

Political stability

Answer explanation

Political stability was not a reason for Irish immigration to the US. The main factors were famine, economic opportunity, and the search for religious freedom, as many Irish faced hardship and persecution in their homeland.

Front

Who led the political machine known as Tammany Hall?

Back

William Boss Tweed

Answer explanation

William Boss Tweed was the leader of Tammany Hall, a powerful political machine in New York City during the 19th century, known for its influence and corruption in local politics.

Front

Where did many German immigrants settle in the United States?

Back

The Old Northwest

Answer explanation

Many German immigrants settled in the Old Northwest due to its fertile land and opportunities for farming, making it a popular destination compared to the Southern states, Eastern seaboard, or Western frontier.

Front

What type of churches did German immigrants often form in rural areas?

Back

Roman Catholic and Lutheran

Answer explanation

German immigrants predominantly formed Roman Catholic and Lutheran churches in rural areas, reflecting their cultural and religious heritage. These denominations were central to their communities, unlike the other options listed.

Front

What was a major fear of native-born Americans regarding Irish and German immigrants?

Back

They would take their jobs and dilute culture

Answer explanation

Native-born Americans feared that Irish and German immigrants would take their jobs and dilute their culture, as they were seen as competition in the labor market and a threat to established social norms.

Front

What was one of the key inventions by Elias Howe?

Back

Sewing machine

Answer explanation

Elias Howe is best known for inventing the sewing machine, which revolutionized the textile industry by allowing for faster and more efficient garment production. This invention laid the foundation for modern sewing technology.

Front

What was a significant change in production due to Elias Howe's invention?

Back

Shift to factory production

Answer explanation

Elias Howe's invention of the sewing machine significantly shifted production from home-based sewing to factory production, allowing for faster and more efficient garment manufacturing on a larger scale.