Chapter 5 Flashcard: The Integumentary System

Front

What cell produces a protein that allows for waterproofing of the skin, nails, and hair?

Back

Keratinocytes are the cells responsible for producing keratin, a protein that provides waterproofing and protection to the skin, nails, and hair.

Front

What is the primary pigment responsible for skin color found in the epidermis?

Back

Melanin is the pigment that gives skin its color and is produced by melanocytes in the epidermis.

Front

What is the outermost layer of the epidermis that constantly sheds?

Back

The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis, consisting of dead keratinized cells that are continuously shed and replaced.

Front

In which layer of the epidermis does cell division occur?

Back

Cell division occurs in the stratum basale, the deepest layer of the epidermis, where new skin cells are generated.

Front

What muscle causes goosebumps when it contracts?

Back

The arrector pili muscle is responsible for causing goosebumps by contracting and pulling the hair follicles.

Front

What is the function of melanocytes in the skin?

Back

Melanocytes produce melanin, which protects the skin from UV radiation and contributes to skin pigmentation.

Front

What is the role of keratin in the integumentary system?

Back

Keratin provides structural strength and waterproofing to the skin, hair, and nails, helping to protect against environmental damage.

Front

What are the two main types of sweat glands in the skin?

Back

The two main types of sweat glands are eccrine glands, which are found all over the body and help regulate temperature, and apocrine glands, which are located in specific areas and are associated with body odor.

Front

What is the primary function of the sebaceous glands?

Back

Sebaceous glands secrete sebum, an oily substance that lubricates and waterproofs the skin and hair.

Front

What is the significance of the stratum lucidum layer?

Back

The stratum lucidum is a thin, clear layer found in thick skin (like palms and soles) that provides an extra layer of protection.