Flashcards on Byzantine Empire and Feudalism

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Fief

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Parcel of land given to a vassal by a lord.

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Caliphate

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The lands comprising the political-religious state of Muslims ruled by a caliph.

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Scholar-gentry

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Class of Chinese officials who pass civil service exams to work in the bureaucracy.

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Pope

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Religious leader of the Roman Catholic Church.

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Patriarch

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A religious leader in the Eastern Orthodox Church.

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Magna Carta

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signed by King John of England in 1215; guaranteed all free men the right to a trial by jury and forced the king to obtain consent of the nobles for most new taxes.

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serfs

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Peasant farmers who gave their lord part of their harvest in return for use of land and protection; they were bound to the land.

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Feudalism

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A form of political organization characterized by a relationship between a lord and a vassal where the lord exchanges land for military service from the vassal

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Manor

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Economically self-sufficient estate controlled by a lord

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Crusades

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holy wars fought to recapture the Holy Land from its Muslim rulers; participants were promised salvation.