AP Statistics Unit 3 Review Questions

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What is confounding in statistics?

Back

Confounding occurs when two variables are associated in such a way that their effects on a response variable cannot be distinguished from each other.

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True or False: All samples lead to a good prediction about an entire population.

Back

False

Front

Define confounding variables in the context of data collection.

Back

Confounding variables are extraneous variables that affect the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

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What is a matched pairs design experiment?

Back

A matched pairs design experiment is one where each participant is paired with another participant who has similar characteristics, and both are exposed to different treatments.

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What is random assignment in experiments?

Back

Random assignment is the process of assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance, minimizing preexisting differences between the groups.

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What is an observational study?

Back

An observational study is a type of research where the researcher observes and records behavior without manipulating any variables.

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What is the purpose of stratifying in statistics?

Back

Stratifying is used to divide a population into subgroups to ensure that specific characteristics are represented in the sample.

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What does bias mean in the context of sampling?

Back

Bias refers to systematic errors that lead to an incorrect representation of the population in a sample.

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What is undercoverage in sampling?

Back

Undercoverage occurs when some members of the population are inadequately represented in the sample.

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What is a randomized comparative experiment?

Back

A randomized comparative experiment is one where participants are randomly assigned to different treatment groups to compare the effects.