What is the role of secondary messengers in cell signaling pathways?
AP Biology Unit 4 Review

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Biology
•
9th - 12th Grade
•
Hard
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Back
Secondary messengers amplify the signal from a receptor and help transmit it within the cell, leading to a cellular response.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What happens when a medicine blocks a secondary messenger?
Back
It inhibits transduction, thus deactivating the response in the cell signaling pathway.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are protein phosphatases and their function?
Back
Protein phosphatases are enzymes that remove phosphate groups from proteins, which can deactivate signaling pathways and regulate the cell cycle.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the consequence of defective protein phosphatases?
Back
Cancerous cells would take advantage and grow uncontrollably because the cell cycle cannot shut down.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Define negative feedback in biological systems.
Back
Negative feedback is a process that counteracts a change in a system, helping to maintain homeostasis.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
How does negative feedback differ from positive feedback?
Back
Negative feedback works to reverse a change in a system, while positive feedback amplifies a change.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are plasmodesmata?
Back
Plasmodesmata are junctions in the cell wall of plant cells that allow for the exchange of small soluble compounds between neighboring cells.
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