AP Biology Unit 2

Front

What are the two main functions of proteins in the cell membrane?

Back

1.) Act as gatekeepers, allowing only certain substances to enter. 2.) Serve as enzyme receptors embedded in the membrane.

Front

In which direction do particles naturally diffuse?

Back

Down the concentration gradient.

Front

What structures do plant cells use for cell-to-cell communication?

Back

Plasmodesmata.

Front

How does rinsing swollen gums with warm salt water help?

Back

Water in the gums will diffuse out of the cells.

Front

What component strengthens and stabilizes the cell membrane?

Back

Cholesterol.

Front

Define diffusion in biological terms.

Back

The movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Front

What is the role of carbohydrates in the cell membrane?

Back

They serve as recognition sites for cell signaling and communication.

Front

What are phospholipids and their role in the cell membrane?

Back

Phospholipids are molecules that form the bilayer of the cell membrane, providing structure and a barrier.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Front

What are gap junctions?

Back

Channels that allow for communication and transfer of ions and small molecules between adjacent cells.