Biology mid-term review #2

Front

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

Back

The nucleus stores the coded instructions for making the cell's proteins and contains the cell's DNA.

Front

What is a ribosome and its role in the cell?

Back

A ribosome is a cellular structure that makes proteins using coded instructions from the nucleus.

Front

What distinguishes eukaryotes from prokaryotes?

Back

Eukaryotes enclose their DNA in a nucleus, while prokaryotes do not.

Front

What is the role of the cytoskeleton in a cell?

Back

The cytoskeleton helps a cell maintain its shape and provides structural support.

Front

What is the function of lysosomes?

Back

Lysosomes break down organelles that are no longer useful and digest waste materials.

Front

What is the nuclear envelope?

Back

The nuclear envelope is a double membrane that surrounds the nucleus and regulates the passage of materials in and out.

Front

What is the nucleolus?

Back

The nucleolus is a region within the nucleus where ribosome assembly begins.

Front

What is the Golgi apparatus and its function?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Back

The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle that assists in the synthesis of proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER).

Front

What is the difference between rough and smooth ER?

Back

Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is involved in protein synthesis, while smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid synthesis.