What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?

Processes, packages, and stores cell secretion.

What do chloroplasts do?

They capture light energy and are the site of photosynthesis.

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

It controls the substances that enter and exit the cell.

What is the main difference between plant and animal cells regarding cell walls?

Plant cells have a cell wall; animal cells do not.

What is a vacuole's function in plant cells?

Acts as storage for water and substances.

What is the function of lysosomes?

Stores enzymes for digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

What is the difference in size and shape between animal and plant cells?

Animal cells are smaller and vary in shape; plant cells are larger and mostly rectangular.

What do both plant and animal cells have in common?

Both have mitochondria and ribosomes.

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

It is involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids.

What is the significance of the cell theory?

It states that living things are made up of cells and that cells perform specific functions.

What is the difference in vacuoles between plant and animal cells?

Plant cells have a large central vacuole; animal cells have many small vacuoles.

What is the role of the cytoplasm?

It contains organelles and is the site for many cellular processes.

What is the function of chlorophyll in plant cells?

It captures light energy for photosynthesis.

What is the main function of the nucleus?

It controls the cell's activities and contains chromosomes.

Specialized parts of the cell that carry out specific functions.

What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?

It provides protection and gives the cell its shape.

What is the difference in osmosis between plant and animal cells in a hypotonic solution?

Animal cells burst due to lack of a cell wall; plant cells do not burst because of their cell wall.

What is the role of peroxisomes?

They perform oxidation mechanisms for specific biomolecules.

What is the function of microvilli?

They increase the surface area for absorption of food.

What is the significance of the historical timeline in cell discovery?

It shows the progression of discoveries leading to our understanding of cells.

What is the main difference in the synthesis of cellular nutrients between plant and animal cells?

Plant cells can synthesize amino acids, vitamins, and coenzymes; animal cells cannot.

What is the role of the cytoskeleton?

It maintains the cell's shape and organizes cell components.

What is the role of flagella in prokaryotic cells?

They are used for cell movement.

What is the function of the capsule in prokaryotic cells?

Helps prokaryotes cling to surfaces and prevents drying out.

What is the difference in the number of chromosomes between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Prokaryotic cells have a single circular chromosome; eukaryotic cells have multiple linear chromosomes.

What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Lipid synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and detoxification.

What is the function of the vacuole in animal cells?

Acts as storage for various substances.

What is the role of the Golgi bodies in animal cells?

They process and package proteins and lipids.

What is the significance of the cell membrane?

It acts as a protective covering and controls the movement of substances.

What is the role of the cytosol?

It is the fluid part of the cytoplasm where organelles are suspended.

What is the function of cilia in cells?

They allow movement of cells or parts of the cell.

What is the role of the chloroplast in plant cells?

It is the site of photosynthesis.

What is the difference in the presence of plastids between plant and animal cells?

Plastids are present in plant cells and give pigmentation; they are absent in animal cells.

What is the role of the cell theory in biology?

It provides a fundamental understanding of the structure and function of living organisms.

What is the function of the mitochondrion?

It releases energy needed for cell activities.

What is the significance of the historical development of cell theory?

It highlights the contributions of various scientists to our understanding of cells.

What is the function of the lysosome in a cell?

It digests cellular waste and macromolecules.

What is the role of the centrosome?

It is involved in cell division.

What is the difference in cytokinesis between plant and animal cells?

In animal cells, it takes place by constriction; in plant cells, it takes place in cell plates.

Cell Structure and Functions Flashcards

Student preview

67 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the basic structural and functional unit of life?

Back

The cell.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is cytology?

Back

A field in biology that deals with the study of cells.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Who discovered cells in a thin slice of cork?

Back

Robert Hooke in 1665.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What did Robert Brown discover in 1833?

Back

The nucleus as a constant component of cells.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What are the two types of organisms based on cell number?

Back

Unicellular and multicellular organisms.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells lack a defined nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

They synthesize proteins.

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