Classification of Matter and Properties

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What is the classification of matter?

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Matter can be classified into two main categories: pure substances and mixtures. Pure substances include elements and compounds, while mixtures can be homogeneous or heterogeneous.

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What is a physical change?

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A physical change is a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance without altering its chemical composition. Example: Melting ice.

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What is a chemical change?

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A chemical change involves a transformation that alters the chemical composition of a substance, resulting in the formation of new substances. Example: Burning wood.

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What is a compound?

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A compound is a substance formed when two or more elements chemically bond together in a fixed ratio. Example: Water (H2O).

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What is a mixture?

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A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that retain their individual properties and can be separated by physical means. Example: Saltwater.

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What is a physical property?

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A physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing its chemical identity. Examples: color, boiling point, density.

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What is a chemical property?

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A chemical property is a characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to undergo a specific chemical change. Example: Flammability.

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What is density?

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Density is a physical property defined as mass per unit volume of a substance. Formula: Density = Mass / Volume.

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What are the three states of matter?

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The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. Each state has distinct properties: solids have a definite shape and volume, liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container, and gases have neither definite shape nor volume.

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What is an element?

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An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. Examples: Oxygen (O), Gold (Au).