Chromosomes, Genes & DNA

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What are chromosomes?

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Chromosomes are long strands of DNA that contain genetic information. They are found in the nucleus of cells and are responsible for passing traits from parents to offspring.

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What is DNA?

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DNA, or Deoxyribonucleic Acid, is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It is composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix.

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What is a gene?

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A gene is a specific segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein or trait. Genes are the basic units of heredity.

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How many chromosomes do humans have?

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Humans typically have 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs.

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What is the function of genes?

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Genes provide the instructions for making proteins, which perform most life functions and make up the majority of cellular structures.

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What is heredity?

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Heredity is the passing of traits from parents to their offspring through genes.

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What is the relationship between genes and traits?

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Genes determine the traits of an organism, such as eye color, hair color, and height.

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What is a dominant trait?

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A dominant trait is a trait that will appear in the offspring if one of the parents contributes it. It masks the effect of a recessive trait.

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What is a recessive trait?

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A recessive trait is a trait that will only appear in the offspring if both parents contribute it. It is masked by a dominant trait.

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What is the role of chromosomes in cell division?

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During cell division, chromosomes ensure that DNA is accurately replicated and distributed to daughter cells.

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