Unit 3: Cellular Energetics Review

Front

What is the difference between competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors?

Back

Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site of an enzyme, while noncompetitive inhibitors bind to an allosteric site.

Front

What effect does increasing enzyme concentration have on reaction rate?

Back

Increasing enzyme concentration increases the rate of the reaction.

Front

Where is the electrochemical gradient of protons generated in the electron transport chain?

Back

The electrochemical gradient of protons is generated in the intermembrane space.

Front

Where does the Calvin cycle occur?

Back

The Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts.

Front

What is the pathway of electrons in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Back

H₂O → PSII → ETC → PSI → NADPH.

Front

Define competitive inhibition in enzyme activity.

Back

Competitive inhibition occurs when an inhibitor competes with the substrate for binding to the active site of an enzyme.

Front

Define noncompetitive inhibition in enzyme activity.

Back

Noncompetitive inhibition occurs when an inhibitor binds to an allosteric site, reducing the enzyme's activity regardless of substrate concentration.

Front

What is the role of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

Back

The electron transport chain transfers electrons and pumps protons to create an electrochemical gradient used to produce ATP.

Front

What is the function of NADPH in photosynthesis?

Back

NADPH is used as a reducing agent in the Calvin cycle to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.

Front

What is the significance of the proton gradient in cellular respiration?

Back

The proton gradient drives ATP synthesis through ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation.