AP Biology Unit 5: Heredity Exam Review

Front

What is meiosis?

Back

Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four genetically distinct haploid gametes.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual, represented by the alleles inherited from the parents.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Front

What does it mean for alleles to be different?

Back

Different alleles refer to variations of a gene that occupy the same position on homologous chromosomes, leading to different traits.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Front

What is a true breeding organism?

Back

A true breeding organism is one that, when mated with another true breeding organism of the same trait, will produce offspring that are identical to the parents.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Front

What is a test cross?

Back

A test cross is a breeding experiment used to determine the genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype by crossing it with a homozygous recessive individual.

Front

What are linked genes?

Back

Linked genes are genes that are located close to each other on the same chromosome and tend to be inherited together.

Front

What is the difference between haploid and diploid cells?

Back

Haploid cells contain one set of chromosomes (n), while diploid cells contain two sets of chromosomes (2n).

Front

What is the significance of the F1 generation in genetics?

Back

The F1 generation is the first generation of offspring obtained from a cross of two parental (P) organisms, often showing a dominant trait.

Front

What is the purpose of a Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene.