DNA Mutations

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What is a DNA mutation?

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A DNA mutation is a change in the nucleotide sequence of an organism's DNA, which can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

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What are the main types of DNA mutations?

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The main types of DNA mutations include substitutions, insertions, deletions, and duplications.

Front

What is a silent mutation?

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A silent mutation is a type of substitution mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein.

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What is a missense mutation?

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A missense mutation is a type of substitution mutation that results in a different amino acid being incorporated into a protein.

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What is a nonsense mutation?

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A nonsense mutation is a type of substitution mutation that creates a premature stop codon, leading to a truncated protein.

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What is a frameshift mutation?

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A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame of the gene.

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What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

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mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it is translated into a protein.

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What are codons?

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Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals during protein synthesis.

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What is the significance of the genetic code?

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The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in mRNA is translated into proteins, determining the amino acid sequence.

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What is a gene?

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A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein.