AP Bio Insta-Review Topic 1.4*: Properties of Bio Macromolecules

Front

What is a macromolecule?

Back

A large, complex molecule, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids, that are essential for life.

Front

What are the four main types of biological macromolecules?

Back

Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

Front

What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

Back

To provide energy and structural support in cells.

Front

What are lipids primarily composed of?

Back

Hydrocarbons, which make them hydrophobic.

Front

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Back

Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds.

Front

What is the role of proteins in biological systems?

Back

Proteins serve as enzymes, structural components, signaling molecules, and transporters.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix composed of two strands of nucleotides, with a sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine) paired in specific ways.

Front

What sugar is found in RNA?

Back

Ribose.

Front

What nitrogenous base is unique to RNA?

Back

Uracil.

Front

What is the primary structure of a protein?

Back

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.