Monohybrid and Dihybrid Practice Flashcard

Front

What is a monohybrid cross?

Back

A monohybrid cross is a genetic cross between two individuals that differ in one trait, focusing on the inheritance of a single gene.

Front

What is a dihybrid cross?

Back

A dihybrid cross is a genetic cross between individuals that differ in two traits, examining the inheritance of two genes simultaneously.

Front

Define genotype.

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, specifically the alleles it possesses for a particular trait.

Front

Define phenotype.

Back

Phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype and environment.

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene, either dominant (AA) or recessive (aa).

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (Aa).

Front

What is the expected phenotype ratio from a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous parents (Aa x Aa)?

Back

The expected phenotype ratio is 3:1, with 3 exhibiting the dominant trait and 1 exhibiting the recessive trait.

Front

What is the expected phenotype ratio from a dihybrid cross of two heterozygous parents (AaBb x AaBb)?

Back

The expected phenotype ratio is 9:3:3:1 for the four possible phenotypes.

Front

What is a Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

Front

What is the significance of dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles mask the effect of recessive alleles in heterozygous individuals, determining the phenotype.