Flashcard 1

Front

What is the formula to calculate the number of moles from mass?

Back

Number of moles = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol)

Front

What is the molar mass of NH3 (Ammonia)?

Back

The molar mass of NH3 is approximately 17.03 g/mol.

Front

What are isotopes?

Back

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Front

What does the nuclear symbol represent?

Back

The nuclear symbol shows the element's mass number (protons + neutrons) and atomic number (number of protons).

Front

What is effective nuclear charge?

Back

Effective nuclear charge is the net positive charge experienced by valence electrons, accounting for shielding by inner electrons.

Front

What is electron shielding?

Back

Electron shielding occurs when inner electrons repel outer electrons, reducing the effective nuclear charge felt by the outer electrons.

Front

How does atomic size affect effective nuclear charge?

Back

Larger atoms have more electron shielding, which can reduce the effective nuclear charge experienced by valence electrons.

Front

What is a mass spectrometer used for?

Back

A mass spectrometer is used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions and to identify different isotopes of an element.

Front

What happens to ions in a mass spectrometer?

Back

Ions are sorted based on their mass and charge, with lighter ions deflecting more than heavier ions.

Front

What is the average atomic mass?

Back

The average atomic mass is the weighted average of the masses of an element's isotopes, based on their natural abundance.