Unit 4 AP Government Review Part 2

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Organization that regulates campaign finance in the United States.

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FEC

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Donations given to a political party for party-building purposes...(eventually banned).

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Soft money

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Law that banned soft money and forced candidates to explicitly acknowledge approval of all TV ads.

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Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (McCain-Feingold Act)

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Non-profit and unregulated interest groups that focus on specific causes or policy positions and attempt to influence voters. They cannot directly engage in advocacy for or against a candidate.

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527 political committees

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Non-profit and tax-exempt groups that can educate voters about issues and are not required to release the names of their contributors.

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501(C)(3) committees

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Law that banned federal employees and companies doing business under federal contracts from contributing to elections.

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Hatch Act of 1939

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Spending by political action committees, corporations, or labor unions that is done to help a party or candidate, but is done independently of them.

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Independent expenditures

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Focus on issues and do not explicitly encourage citizens to vote for a certain candidate

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Issue advocacy ads

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Groups that can raise unlimited sums from corporations, unions, other groups, and individuals. They may not coordinate their activities with campaigns or candidates and have to report from where they get their donations.

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SuperPACs

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The Citizens United vs. FEC case allowed for the establishment of these: 527 political committees, 501(C)(3) committees, PACs, SuperPACs

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SuperPACs