Thermal Equilibrium (7.8B)

Front

What is thermal equilibrium?

Back

Thermal equilibrium is the state in which two objects in contact with each other reach the same temperature, resulting in no net heat transfer between them.

Front

What are the three main methods of heat transfer?

Back

Conduction, convection, and radiation.

Front

Define conduction.

Back

Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact between materials, where heat moves from the hotter to the cooler part.

Front

Define convection.

Back

Convection is the transfer of thermal energy through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases) caused by differences in temperature and density.

Front

Define radiation.

Back

Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy through electromagnetic waves, which can occur in a vacuum.

Front

How does thermal energy move in a radiator?

Back

Thermal energy moves through convection, as the heated air rises and circulates in the room.

Front

What happens when an ice cube is placed in warm water?

Back

Thermal energy transfers from the warm water to the ice cube through conduction and convection until thermal equilibrium is reached.

Front

What is the role of insulation in a house?

Back

Insulation minimizes heat transfer, helping to keep the house warm in winter and cool in summer.

Front

How does heating one end of a metal rod affect thermal energy transfer?

Back

Thermal energy moves through conduction along the rod, as the heated particles transfer energy to adjacent cooler particles.

Front

What is the final temperature when a can of Coke is placed in a fridge?

Back

Heat stops moving when both the Coke and the fridge reach the same temperature, which is 6 degrees Celsius in this case.