Flashcard 2.2

Front

What is conduction?

Back

Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials. It occurs when two objects at different temperatures touch each other, allowing heat to flow from the hotter object to the cooler one.

Front

What is convection?

Back

Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases). It occurs when warmer, less dense areas of a fluid rise and cooler, denser areas sink, creating a circulation pattern.

Front

What is radiation?

Back

Radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves. It does not require a medium to travel through, allowing heat to be transferred through empty space.

Front

What is thermal energy?

Back

Thermal energy is the energy associated with the temperature of an object. It is the total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance due to their motion.

Front

What is potential energy?

Back

Potential energy is the stored energy in an object due to its position or state. It has the potential to be converted into kinetic energy.

Front

What factors determine kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic energy is determined by the mass and speed of an object. The formula is KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is speed.

Front

What is energy transformation?

Back

Energy transformation is the process of changing energy from one form to another. For example, a battery transforms chemical energy into electrical energy.

Front

What is the relationship between heat and temperature?

Back

Heat is the energy transferred between objects due to a temperature difference, while temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

Front

What is the formula for calculating potential energy?

Back

Potential energy (PE) can be calculated using the formula PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.

Front

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

Back

Speed is a scalar quantity that refers to how fast an object is moving, while velocity is a vector quantity that includes both speed and direction.