Patterns of Evolution

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What is divergent evolution?

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Divergent evolution is the process by which two or more related species become more dissimilar over time, often due to different environmental pressures or adaptations.

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Provide an example of divergent evolution.

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The Galapagos tortoises, which evolved different neck lengths to access food in varying environments, are an example of divergent evolution.

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What is convergent evolution?

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Convergent evolution occurs when unrelated species develop similar traits or adaptations due to similar environmental pressures.

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Provide an example of convergent evolution.

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The wings of bats and birds are an example of convergent evolution, as both have developed the ability to fly despite having different evolutionary ancestors.

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What is coevolution?

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Coevolution is the process where two or more species influence each other's evolution, often in response to each other's adaptations.

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Provide an example of coevolution.

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The relationship between flowering plants and their pollinators, such as bees, is an example of coevolution, as both have adapted to benefit from each other.

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What is a common ancestor?

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A common ancestor is an ancestral species from which two or more different species have evolved.

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How does isolation contribute to speciation?

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Isolation can lead to speciation when a group of individuals becomes separated from the rest of its species, allowing them to evolve different traits over time.

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What is adaptive radiation?

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Adaptive radiation is the rapid evolution of diversely adapted species from a common ancestor in response to different environmental challenges.

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What role does natural selection play in evolution?

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Natural selection is the process by which individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to the gradual evolution of species.