Unit 6: Genetics Review

Front

What is a recessive trait?

Back

A recessive trait is a genetic trait that is expressed only when two copies of the recessive allele are present (e.g., 'hh').

Front

What is codominance?

Back

Codominance is a genetic scenario where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in offspring with a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive.

Front

What does it mean to be a carrier of a recessive trait?

Back

A carrier of a recessive trait has one dominant and one recessive allele (e.g., 'Hh') and does not express the recessive trait but can pass it to offspring.

Front

How can the environment affect gene expression?

Back

Environmental factors such as temperature, nutrition, and exposure to toxins can influence how genes are expressed, potentially altering an organism's phenotype.

Front

Why do bone cells and brain cells have different functions?

Back

Bone cells and brain cells express different genes, leading to distinct structures and functions despite having the same DNA.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles mask the effect of recessive alleles in heterozygous conditions, meaning the dominant trait is expressed.

Front

What is the genotype of an individual expressing a recessive trait?

Back

The genotype of an individual expressing a recessive trait is homozygous recessive (e.g., 'hh').

Front

What is the phenotype?

Back

The phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

Front

What is incomplete dominance?

Back

Incomplete dominance is a genetic situation where the phenotype of a heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes.

Front

What is a Punnett square used for?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes of offspring from a cross between two parents.