Chinese History and Philosophy

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Mandate of Heaven

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The belief that the Chinese king’s right to rule came from the gods.

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Dao

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A Chinese system of beliefs describing the way a king must rule.

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Period of Warring States

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A time when the Zhao kings were weak and aristocrats fought for power.

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Daoism

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A belief system advocating giving up worldly designs in favor of nature and the Dao.

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Legalism

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A Chinese philosophy that stressed the importance of strict laws and harsh punishment.

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Filial piety

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The responsibility children have to respect, obey, and care for their parents.

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Civil service

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The administrative service of the government, began during the Han dynasty and supported by Confucianism.

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Waterwheels

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A wheel made to turn by the water flowing against it.

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Silk road

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A trade route that stretched from China to Turkey.

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Importance of Legalism

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Emphasizes strict laws and harsh punishment to maintain order.