Module 10 Genetics

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

The genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses (e.g., Gg, HH).

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What is a phenotype?

Back

Observable characteristics of an organism resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment (e.g., tall plant, blue eyes).

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What does homozygous mean?

Back

Having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., GG or hh).

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What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Gg).

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What is a carrier in genetics?

Back

An individual who has one copy of a recessive allele that does not manifest in their phenotype but can be passed to offspring.

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What is the purpose of a Punnett square?

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To predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

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What does the term 'dominant allele' mean?

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An allele that expresses its phenotype even in the presence of a recessive allele (e.g., G in Gg).

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What does the term 'recessive allele' mean?

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An allele that only expresses its phenotype when two copies are present (e.g., g in Gg).

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What is the FOIL method in genetics?

Back

A technique used to determine the possible gametes from two parents by combining the first, outer, inner, and last alleles.

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What is a pedigree chart?

Back

A diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene or organism and its ancestors.