AP Biology Cell Communication and Cell Cycle Review

Front

What is a ligand-gated ion receptor?

Back

A type of receptor that opens to allow ions to pass through the cell membrane when a specific ligand binds to it.

Front

What is the primary function of mitosis?

Back

To produce two identical daughter cells from a single parent cell, maintaining the same chromosome number.

Front

What role do CDKs (Cyclin-dependent kinases) play in the cell cycle?

Back

CDKs are enzymes that, when activated by binding to cyclins, help regulate the progression of the cell cycle.

Front

What occurs during telophase of mitosis?

Back

A nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, and nucleoli reappear, resulting in two nuclei in one cell.

Front

What is meiosis?

Back

A type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four genetically diverse gametes.

Front

Define cyclin in the context of the cell cycle.

Back

Cyclins are proteins that regulate the cell cycle by activating CDKs, allowing the cell to progress through different phases.

Front

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Back

Mitosis results in two identical cells, while meiosis results in four genetically diverse cells.

Front

What is apoptosis?

Back

A programmed cell death process that eliminates damaged or unnecessary cells.

Front

What are oncogenes?

Back

Genes that have the potential to cause cancer when mutated or expressed at high levels.

Front

What is the significance of cell cycle checkpoints?

Back

Checkpoints are control mechanisms that ensure the proper progression of the cell cycle and prevent errors.