Unit 3 Changes in Matter Review

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What is an acid?

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An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a chemical reaction. Example: Hydrochloric acid (HCl).

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What is a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a chemical reaction. Example: Potassium hydroxide (KOH).

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What is alpha decay?

Back

Alpha decay is a type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle (helium nucleus), resulting in a decrease in atomic number by 2 and mass number by 4.

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What is a decomposition reaction?

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A decomposition reaction is a chemical reaction where a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler products. Example: 2H2O → 2H2 + O2.

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What is a synthesis reaction?

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A synthesis reaction is a chemical reaction where two or more reactants combine to form a single product. Example: P4 + 6O2 → 4P2O3.

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What is a neutralization reaction?

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A neutralization reaction is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base that produces water and a salt. Example: HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O.

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What is beta decay?

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Beta decay is a type of radioactive decay in which a beta particle (electron or positron) is emitted from an atomic nucleus, resulting in a change in atomic number.

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What is gamma decay?

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Gamma decay is a type of radioactive decay that involves the emission of gamma rays from an excited nucleus, resulting in no change in atomic number or mass.

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What is the pH scale?

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The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (strongly acidic) to 14 (strongly basic), with 7 being neutral.

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What is a chemical equation?

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A chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction, showing the reactants and products along with their quantities.