DNA and DNA Replication

Front

What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It is composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix.

Front

What are the four bases of DNA?

Back

The four bases of DNA are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

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What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

In DNA, Adenine pairs with Thymine (A-T) and Cytosine pairs with Guanine (C-G).

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before cell division.

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is an enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix, separating the two strands to allow replication.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

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What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

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DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine.

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What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA.

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What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information encoded in mRNA.

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What is tRNA and its function?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) is a type of RNA that brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes during protein synthesis.