Experimental Design AP Stat

Front

What is a double-blind randomized comparative experiment?

Back

An experimental design where neither the participants nor the researchers know who is receiving the treatment or the placebo, minimizing bias.

Front

What is the placebo effect?

Back

The phenomenon where a patient experiences a perceived improvement in condition due to believing they are receiving treatment, even if it is inactive.

Front

What does 'explanatory variable' mean?

Back

The variable that is manipulated or changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the response variable.

Front

What is an observational study?

Back

A study where researchers observe subjects without manipulating any variables, often used to identify correlations.

Front

What is an experimental study?

Back

A study where researchers actively manipulate one or more variables to determine their effect on a response variable.

Front

What is the purpose of random assignment in experiments?

Back

To ensure that each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to any group, reducing bias and increasing the validity of results.

Front

Define 'control group'.

Back

A group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment and is used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do.

Front

What is a response variable?

Back

The variable that is measured in an experiment to see how it is affected by changes in the explanatory variable.

Front

What is replication in experimental design?

Back

The repetition of an experiment to confirm findings and ensure that results are consistent and reliable.

Front

What is the significance of sample size in experiments?

Back

A larger sample size increases the reliability of results and reduces the margin of error.